Identification of Early Molecular Events and a Novel Biomarker for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

Project summary

High-grade serous ovarian cancer is the most common form of ovarian cancer. It is also the most lethal, as most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the cancer has spread beyond the ovaries. Despite its frequency and lethality, there are currently no useful early detection methods or targeted treatments for this cancer.
This study will investigate the role of a cancer-causing protein called TMEM205 in ovarian cancer formation. Scientists have shown that TMEM205 plays a key role in the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) – essentially “biological bubbles” from cells – which play a role in cell communication as well as in the growth and spread of some cancers. We think that this cancer-causing protein interacts with other molecules to prevent the production of proteins that can suppress cancer growth.
We plan to first determine whether high levels of TMEM205 proteins affects EVs and cancer-suppressing proteins, causing cells to grow in the fallopian tubes, where this ovarian cancer is believed to originate. We will then study the relationship among all of these proteins and EVs in patient samples to help us understand the precise mechanisms by which TMEM205 influences ovarian cancer growth. We will use this information to eventually develop innovative strategies for early detection and targeted treatments to improve outcomes for ovarian cancer patients, increasing survival and quality of life for patients with this deadly disease.

This grant was made possible in part by generous donations from Hope for Heather in memory of Heather Weeks; and the estate of Shirley Johnson.