Environmental Health Perspectives

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk of Endometrial Cancer in the Spanish Screenwide Case–Control Study

Endometrial cancer is a hormone-dependent cancer, and estrogens play a relevant role in its etiology. However, little is known about the effects of environmental pollutants that act as xenoestrogens or that influence estrogenic activity through different pathways. We aimed to assess the relationship between the combined estrogenic activity of mixtures of xenoestrogens present in serum samples and the risk of endometrial cancer in the Screenwide case-control study. The total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB) attributable to organohalogenated compounds ( Median We evaluated serum total xenoestrogen burden in relation to endometrial cancer risk and found an inverted-U risk trend across increasing categories of exposure. The use of

Outdoor Air Pollution Exposure and Ovarian Cancer Incidence in a United States–Wide Prospective Cohort Study

Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts, Ingested Nitrate, and Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and We investigated the relationship of these exposures with endometrial cancer risk in a large prospective cohort. Among postmenopausal women in the Iowa Women's Health Study cohort, we evaluated two major classes of DBPs, total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5), and nitrate-nitrogen ( Higher average concentrations of DBPs (95th percentile: TTHM We report novel associations between the highest DBP levels and endometrial cancer for our Iowa cohort that warrant future evaluation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10207.

A Prospective Ultrasound Study of Whole Blood Metals and Incidence of Uterine Leiomyomata

Uterine leiomyomata (UL), hormone-dependent neoplasms, are a major source of gynecologic morbidity. Metals are hypothesized to influence UL risk through endocrine disruption, and their effects may vary by vitamin D status. We estimated associations of a metal mixture with incident UL, overall and by vitamin D status. We analyzed data from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids, a Detroit-area prospective cohort study of 1,693 black women 23-35 years of age. We measured concentrations of 17 metals/metalloids in whole blood and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in serum collected at baseline (2010-2012). Participants underwent ultrasonography at baseline and after 20 months to detect UL. We used Bayesian kernel machine regression to estimate adjusted associations ( Among 1,132 UL-free participants at baseline, 832 (73%) had vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D The metal mixture was positively associated with incident UL, but the association was weak and imprecise. We observed a stronger association among vitamin D-deficient participants that was driven by cadmium and mercury. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15218.

Hair Straightener Use in Relation to Prevalent and Incident Fibroids in the Sister Study with a Focus on Black Women

Uterine fibroids disproportionately affect Black women, and exposure to chemicals from hair relaxers or straighteners ("straighteners") may contribute to fibroid development. We examined the association between straightener use and prevalent young-onset uterine fibroids (diagnosed before age 36 y), as well as incident fibroids (diagnosed age 36-60 y), with a focus on Black women. We also examined differences in associations across birth cohorts as proxies for formulation changes. Data from 4,162 Black women in the Sister Study, a prospective cohort of women 35-74 y of age (enrolled 2003-2009), were analyzed. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for the association of straightener use at 10-13 y of age and self-reported young-onset fibroids. We used Cox regression to assess hazard ratios (HRs) for straightener use (age 10-13 y and in 12 months before enrollment) and incident fibroids among 779 premenopausal Black women. Similar analyses were conducted in 40,782 non-Hispanic White women. Over 70% of Black women used straighteners. In comparison with no use, any [ Hair straightener use may be positively associated with fibroid risk. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14493.

BPA, Parabens, and Phthalates in Relation to Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Case–Control Study Nested in the Multiethnic Cohort

Low-Dose Bisphenol A in a Rat Model of Endometrial Cancer: A CLARITY-BPA Study

Bisphenol A (BPA) is known to be biologically active in experimental models even at low levels of exposure. However, its impact on endometrial cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether lifelong exposure to different doses of BPA induced uterine abnormalities and molecular changes in a rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 5 doses of BPA [0, 25, 250, 2,500, or Based on the analysis of the combined effects of all testing outcomes (including immunohistological, morphological, and estrous cycle data) in a semiblinded fashion, using statistical models, Lifelong exposure of rats to low-dose BPA at 25 and

The Tailpipe’s Tale: Traffic-Related Air Pollutants and Ovarian Cancer Risk

Higher