Yanli Li

A phase II trial of cytoreductive surgery combined with niraparib maintenance in platinum-sensitive, secondary recurrent ovarian cancer: SGOG SOC-3 study

In China, secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCR) has been widely used in ovarian cancer (OC) over the past two decades. Although Gynecologic Oncology Group-0213 trial did not show its overall survival benefit in first relapsed patients, the questions on patient selection and effect of subsequent targeting therapy are still open. The preliminary data from our pre-SOC1 phase II study showed that selected patients with second relapse who never received SCR at recurrence may still benefit from surgery. Moreover, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) maintenance now has been a standard care for platinum sensitive relapsed OC. To our knowledge, no published or ongoing trial is trying to answer the question if patient can benefit from a potentially complete resection combined with PARPi maintenance in OC patients with secondary recurrence. SOC-3 is a multi-center, open, randomized, controlled, phase II trial of SCR followed by chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance vs chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance in patients with platinum-sensitive second relapsed OC who never received SCR at recurrence. To guarantee surgical quality, if the sites had no experience of participating in any OC-related surgical trials, the number of recurrent lesions evaluated by central-reviewed positron emission tomography-computed tomography image shouldn't be more than 3. Eligible patients are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either SCR followed by 6 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance or 6 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance alone. Patients who undergo at least 4 cycles of chemotherapy and must be, in the opinion of the investigator, without disease progression, will be assigned niraparib maintenance. Major inclusion criteria are secondary relapsed OC with a platinum-free interval of no less than 6 months and a possibly complete resection. Major exclusion criteria are borderline tumors and non-epithelial ovarian malignancies, received debulking surgery at recurrence and impossible to complete resection. The sample size is 96 patients. Primary endpoint is 12-month non-progression rate. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03983226.

Noncoding RNAs Interplay in Ovarian Cancer Therapy and Drug Resistance

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are several types of RNA that do not encode proteins, but are essential for cell regulation. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a type of gynecological cancer with a high mortality rate and a 5-year prognosis. OC is becoming more common with each passing year, and the symptoms of early-stage OC are sometimes undetectable. Meanwhile, early-stage OC has no symptoms and is difficult to diagnose. Because ncRNA has been shown to affect the development of OC and is widely distributed, it could be employed as a new biomarker for early OC. Furthermore, ncRNA has the potential to promote or inhibit drug resistance in OC, potentially giving a solution to multiple drug resistance. Various prior studies have found that different ncRNAs perform differently in OC. This article examines how mainstream ncRNAs have been expressed in OC in recent years, as well as their function in tumor growth.

Risks for cervical abnormalities in women with non‐16/18 high‐risk human papillomavirus infections in south Shanghai, China

AbstractThe study was aimed to analyze the prevalence characteristics of non‐16/18 high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HR‐HPV) and the related risks for cervical abnormalities in south Shanghai. A total of 2291 HPV women who had been referred for a colposcopy due to HPV infection from @@@@@2016.12 to 2019.6 were enrolled. Combined with liquid‐based thin‐layer cell test (TCT) and pathological results of cervical biopsy, the infection spectrum and pathogenic risk of non‐16/18 HR‐HPV in local population were investigated. The results showed that the single HR‐HPV infection rate was significantly higher than that of multiple infection, and the five most frequently detected types were HPV16, HPV52, HPV18, HPV53, HPV58 in the group. The total proportion of non‐16/18 HR‐HPV infection was 68.22%, more than twice of HPV16/18. In cases with high‐grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or cervical cancer, non‐16/18 HR‐HPV infections account for 50.84% (single infection: 28.57%, multiple infection: 22.27%). The risk of cervical abnormalities caused by single HPV infection was ranked as HPV16 > HPV52 > HPV18 = HPV58 > HPV51 > HPV53 = HPV56 > others. Notably, among non‐16/18 HR‐HPV infected patients with HSIL/cancer lesions, the omission diagnostic rate of TCT was 62.81%. The infection rate of non‐16/18 HR‐HPV in whole study population was much higher than that of 16/18 type, and the infection rate of the former was also slightly higher in patients with HSIL and cancer. Due to the high omission diagnostic rate of TCT, we suggest patients with persistent non‐16/18 HPV infection should undergo colposcopy biopsy to reduce missed detection of HSIL and cancers.

Non-coding RNA methylation modifications in ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly heterogeneous gynecological cancer with high mortality rates. Non-coding RNA is a class of transcripts which do not encode proteins, but plays important regulatory roles in gene expression and protein function by targeting specific genes or interacting with proteins. RNA methylation, mainly focused on m6A, m1A, m5C, and m7G, is a common post-transcriptional modification that is essential for regulating various biological processes, such as RNA transcription, splicing, structure, stability, and translation, and has been reported to be involved in the regulation of the development of various human malignancies. Recent scholarly inquiries have posited that methylation alterations occur on ncRNAs, implicating their involvement in the etiology of ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarized four common types of RNA methylation modifications and their associated enzymes, as well as methylated ncRNAs involved in regulating ovarian cancer. We briefly introduced the mechanisms of action of ncRNA methylation in the occurrence, proliferation, immune response, and drug resistance of ovarian cancer as reported currently, and the methylation-related lncRNAs that can be further studied.