Preventive insights and practices of female health professionals regarding cervical cell dysplasia: a cross-sectional study in Egypt
Abstract
Background
Cervical dysplasia is preventable through screening methods and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Cervical cancer (CC) mortality is disproportionately higher in low-and-middle-income nations, which lack a population-based screening program. Health professionals should promptly counsel and educate females about cervical dysplasia prevention.
Aim
this work aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of female health professionals about cervical cell dysplasia. As well as addressing the potential barriers against routine cytological screening tests.
Methods
A cross-sectional multicentric study at two tertiary hospitals; Tanta and Menoufia University Hospitals, recruited 1300 women (physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists) via a multistage stratified random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 4 sections was used to collect the relevant data.
Results
Across all professions, 25% and 49.2% respectively had good knowledge levels and positive attitudes regarding cervical dysplasia. The majority had not been vaccinated against HPV nor undergone a Pap smear. Older age, urban residence, and positive family history were significant predictors of negative attitudes towards screening, p < 0.0001, beta 95%(CI) = -0.8 ( -0.1,-0.05), -0.9 (-1.2,-0.6), -0.2 (-0.8,0.4)) respectively. The most encountered barriers opposing screening included lack of awareness about health facilities providing CC screening and the belief that there is no need so far, no complaints (72.6%,73%).
Conclusion
Female health professionals possessed acceptable knowledge and relatively positive attitudes regarding CC prevention, while their practices were discouraging. Believing that CC is a curse was the main culprit of refraining screening. It is pivotal to enhance accessibility to cervical screening services in various healthcare settings and boost the knowledge of health practitioners as they are key promoters of public health.