Case of fetal ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor: Complications and management

Abstract

A prenatal ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) is a rare entity which may present as an intra‐abdominal cyst. Due to its low incidence, optimal management and timing for intervention remain uncertain. This report presents a case of an intra‐abdominal cystic structure in a female fetus, one of the two fetuses in a dichorionic‐diamniotic twin pregnancy, detected during routine fetal sonographic surveillance at 30 weeks of gestation. Further fetal evaluation detected the sonographic triad of an ovarian cystic mass, polyhydramnios and signs of fetal virilizations, requiring us to consider the presence of an atypical, ovarian androgen secreting tumor. Following delivery, acute ovarian torsion and intracystic hemorrhage required emergent surgical intervention, confirming the diagnosis of JGCT. Following surgical treatment, laboratory, clinical, and morphological features improved progressively.