Common genetic basis and causality between central nervous system disease and cancer
The epidemiological associations between central nervous system diseases and cancers have been widely studied, but the shared genetic basis and etiology between these joint phenotypes remain unclear. To explore this issue, we utilized genome-wide association study summary data to investigate the shared genetic architecture and causality between 10 central nervous system diseases and 14 cancers. We employed multiple statistical genetic approaches, including global and local genetic correlation, Mendelian randomization, shared loci and genes, and shared tissues and cell-types to systematically and robustly explore the common genetic basis and causal relationships between central nervous system diseases and cancers. Our results revealed genetic correlations between schizophrenia and both lung cancer and breast cancer, including estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, as well as between neuroticism and both lung cancer and ovarian cancer, including serous ovarian cancer. We found causal relationships between schizophrenia and lung cancer (OR = 1.14, P = 0.009) and breast cancer (OR = 1.05, P = 3.00 × 10