Determination of Human Papillomavirus Serotypes in Endocervical Samples from Patients with Normal Cytology from a Mexican Population by Polymerase Chain Reaction-restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). Genotypes 16 and 18 are high-risk (HR) factors for CC. The Papanicolaou (Pap) identifies the morphological changes for CC. However, HPV is presented in normal Pap smears. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV in patients with normal cytology and a cross-sectional study was conducted among 141 women with normal cytology. DNA was extracted from a cervical swab. The viral genome was screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, using MY09/11 and L1C1/L1C2 oligonucleotides. A bivariate analysis of the main risk factors was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from multiple logistic regression models. HPV prevalence increased to 16.3% (95% CI) when L1C1/L1C2 were used. Genotypes 11, 13, 33, and 59 were detected; 33 and 59 are HR factors for CC. The number of sexual partners is associated with HPV, OR 5.2 (P < 0.05). The regional HR variations should be considered in CC prevention.