Complete remission of recurrent human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer managed with camrelizumab and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel as second-line treatment: a case report

Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent oncological condition affecting the global female population in 2022, considering both disease occurrence and fatality rates. Although surgical intervention is the curative approach for early stage cervical cancer, recurrent progression is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. The current therapeutic protocols outlined in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines 4.2025 edition propose that for second-line or subsequent therapies of cervical carcinoma, prioritized protocols incorporate pembrolizumab administration specifically for patients demonstrating high tumor mutational burden characteristics, positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 expression, or exhibiting microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficiency molecular profiles. Other proposed therapeutic approaches include bevacizumab, paclitaxel, and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel). To date, no standardized systemic combination protocol has been established for the management of recurrent/metastatic cervical carcinoma after first-line treatment. The clinical application of camrelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel as a second-line intervention for recurrent human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer remains rare in existing medical literature. This case report documents complete remission achieved through second-line camrelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel therapy in a 65-year-old Chinese female with recurrent HPV-associated cervical cancer with positive programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in whom initial treatment failed. Clinical outcomes included the disease-free survival of 22 months, accompanied by the first progression-free survival (PFS1) of 10 months and the PFS2 of 58 months. The overall survival was recorded at 92 months. The patient continues to undergo active clinical surveillance. Our case report illustrates that second-line immunochemotherapy utilizing camrelizumab in combination with nab-paclitaxel exhibits notable efficacy and manageable safety profile.