Engineering of Ruthenium‐Based Anticancer Drug RAPTA‐C and Carvacrol Incorporated Hyaluronic Acid‐Altered Liposome Formulation for Ovarian Cells and Its Apoptosis Induction

ABSTRACT

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth most common cancer in women, resulting in more deaths than any other female reproductive system disease. This investigation presents hyaluronic acid (HA)‐altered liposome encapsulating 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane compound (RAP) and carvacrol (CAR) (RAP‐HA@Lipo/CAR) for targeted delivery to enhance antitumor and antimetastatic efficacy in OC. The co‐delivered liposomes enhanced anticancer and synergic activity in A2780 OC cells. Further, the apoptotic potential of RAP‐HA@Lipo/CAR was assessed by acridine orange (AO)/propidium iodide (PI) and 4,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI)/PI staining techniques. The antimetastatic potential of RAP‐HA@Lipo/CAR was evaluated using wound healing and migration assays. Our findings indicated that HA alteration enhanced the cell uptake of the developed RAP‐HA@Lipo/CAR in A2780 cell lines. This study demonstrates a tumor‐targeting RAP‐HA@Lipo/CAR delivery promising to treat OC cells.