Optimising the effectiveness of the see and treat program for cervical intracellular neoplasia among HIV-positive women, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a precancerous lesion that can rapidly progress to cervical cancer in people living with HIV if not promptly treated. This cross-sectional study included 108 women who returned for re-evaluation after participating in the see-and-treat program at regional hospitals in Addis Ababa. Chi-square tests and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Findings revealed an effectiveness rate of 73.2%, while 26.8% of women required further treatment. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations for the following factors: age group (adjusted OR [AOR] = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.002–0.36, p = 0.03), ever use of family planning (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07–0.96, p = 0.04), number of sexual partners (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07–0.96, p = 0.04), and CIN stage (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04–0.95, p = 0.04). The findings highlight a lack of effectiveness for a substantial number of women, underscoring the need for further research and potential revisions to the see and treat program for HIV positive women.