Dual Targeting of Mutant p53 and SNRPD2 via Engineered Exosomes Modulates Alternative Splicing to Suppress Ovarian Cancer

ABSTRACT

Mutation of the tumor suppressor gene TP53 promotes ovarian cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Whether mutant p53 (mtp53) regulates alternative splicing and how this regulation can be exploited for cancer therapy remain unclear. Here, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein D2 polypeptide (SNRPD2) as a binding partner of mtp53 is identified. SNRPD2 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The overexpression of SNRPD2 promotes, whereas its depletion inhibits, the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, mtp53 cooperates with SNRPD2 to facilitate the assembly of the Sm/SMN protein complex, an essential component of the spliceosome, modulating alternative splicing of pre‐mRNAs. Specifically, the co‐depletion of mtp53 and SNRPD2 reduces the level of OTUD3 oncogenic transcripts while increasing its tumor suppressor counterparts through an exon‐skipping event. Moreover, therapeutic engineered exosomes are developed with their surfaces decorated with iRGD and their interiors loaded with siRNAs targeting mtp53 and SNRPD2. These exosomes effectively suppress the growth of ovarian cancer cells and enhance their sensitivity to chemotherapy in vivo. Collectively, this study uncovers that mtp53 and SNRPD2 cooperatively regulate alternative splicing to drive ovarian cancer progression, and co‐targeting these two molecules via engineered exosomes represents a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.