Anti-proliferative peptides have recently attracted attention for their excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility. In this paper, five novel anti-proliferative peptides were identified from the hydrolysate of hybrid sturgeon spinal cord (HSSC). In addition, the structure-activity relationship of the novel anti-proliferative peptides was explored. In vitro experiments indicated that the peptide "VDSVLDVVRK" presented the highest inhibition of HeLa cell growth in all samples (IC