Effectiveness of a Kansas City, Jail-Based Intervention to Improve Cervical Health Literacy and Screening, One-Year Post-Intervention
Purpose:
To assess effectiveness, 1-year post-intervention, of a program delivered in jails with women to improve cervical health literacy (CHL) and up-to-date Papanicolaou (Pap) screening.
Design:
Pre-post design to evaluate Pap screening and CHL effects 1 year after our original randomized wait-list control study.
Setting:
Surveys conducted in Kansas City, 2015 to 2017 (baseline in 2014).
Participants:
Adult women (n = 133).
Intervention:
One-week (10-contact-hour), small-group, CHL program.
Measures:
Surveys to assess CHL components and up-to-date Pap screening.
Analysis:
χ2 and t tests, followed by best-subsets logistic regression using sociodemographic and CHL components to fit an optimal model for up-to-date screening 1-year post-intervention.
Results:
73% (133/182) women retained at 1-year. From pre-intervention, 6 of 8 CHL components improved (.01 > P > .001). Up-to-date Pap screenings increased over pre-intervention (72%-82%, P < .05). Best-subset model to predict up-to-date screening included age; public benefits; medical insurance; 5 CHL components (knowledge, benefits, barriers, seriousness, susceptibility).
Conclusion:
A brief intervention to promote cervical health literacy, delivered with women during a jail detention, can lead to sustained improvements in CHL and prevention practices.