Veterinary Research Communications

Brain metastases from endometrial carcinoma in two dogs

Endometrial carcinoma is an uncommon epithelial neoplasm in dogs. This study reports two cases of endometrial carcinomas with brain metastasis in a 7-year-old mixed-breed dog with bloody vulvar discharge, prostration, lethargy, and hyperextension of all four limbs, and an 11-year-old Poodle with purulent vulvar discharge, dyspnea, lateral recumbency, limb stiffness, and epistaxis. Both dogs died during emergency care. Necropsy revealed multiple metastatic nodules in several organs, including the brain. Histopathology showed proliferative endometrial glands with atypical cuboidal-to-columnar cells, while immunohistochemistry confirmed epithelial origin (AE1/AE3-positive). These findings underscore the importance of including endometrial carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of disseminated metastatic disease associated with acute neurological conditions in dogs.