Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

The anticancer activity of laccase from white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor on the example of its action on Caov-3 and NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells

According to epidemiological data, ovarian cancer is diagnosed in 240,000 women per year, which is why it is the seventh most common cancer among women worldwide. In addition, among gynaecological cancers it is characterized by the highest mortality. However, there is still no effective treatment, which is why maintenance therapies have a decisive impact on the quality of life of patients. Cerrena unicolor is an example of a medical fungus that produces a laccase enzyme (LAC), as well as synthesizing low-molecular secondary metabolites with a wide spectrum of biological activity. LAC, as demonstrated previously, shows cytotoxic and anti-side activity against cancer cells. The aim of the study was to assess the anti-cancer properties of the extract from the mushroom Cerrena unicolor against ovarian cancer cells. The study was carried out on two cellular lines of ovarian cancer: NIH:OVCAR-3 and Caov-3, differing in sensitivity to platinum compounds. In the first stage of the study, the values of the concentration of Cerrena unicolor extract were determined, at which point growth and proliferation were inhibited without a cytotoxic effect in the tested cell lines. For this purpose, classic MTT and BrdU tests were used. The second stage of the study consisted in examining the impact of the preparation on the proliferative and migration potential of cancer cells, using the ECIS system. The study showed that the examined laccase showed cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect on the cells of the tested cancer lines. Following previous and current studies on Cerrena unicolor, extracts obtained from this fungus can be safely used in anticancer therapy or chemoprevention with no significant harmful effects on normal cells.

Effectiveness of ChatGPT in simplifying information for Polish patients on cervical cancer screening using advanced prompting

ChatGPT can generate reliable medical information in gynaecology and obstetrics,but the content is often difficult to understand for patients with lower educational levels. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of Audience Persona Prompting on the simplification and readability of ChatGPT-generated medical information on cervical cancer screening (MICC_GPT) in Polish. 392 MICC_GPT were analyzed, with 196 generated using Zero-Shot Prompting (STANDARD) and 196 generated using Audience Persona Prompting (EASY). The Audience Persona prompts included instructions to simplify the content: 'Explain as if to an average Polish woman with only primary education' (8 years of formal schooling). Readability was assessed using 24 objective linguistic indicators available at Jasnopis.pl. Statistica 13 (StatSoft, Poliand), the Brunner-Munzel test, p < 0.05. The average difficulty level of STANDARD output was 5.32 (at least 15 years of formal education), while EASY output averaged 4.15 (12 years of formal education). Of the 24 indicators, 21 showed statistically significant improvements in the simplification of EASY output (p < 0.05). While ChatGPT significantly simplified MICC_GPT, the readability levels remained too high for patients with only primary education. ChatGPT shows promise in tailoring medical information on cervical cancer (CC) screening for the needs of Polish patients with varying educational backgrounds, with the use of advanced prompt engineering techniques. However, further research is required to refine prompt engineering methods and develop effective strategies for generating information on cervical cancer screening that is accessible to individuals with only primary education.

Women’s awareness about gynaecological cancers in Poland and Turkey – a comparative study

The aim of the study is to determine and compare the awareness levels of women in two different countries regarding gynaecological cancers. The descriptive and cross-sectional study collected data from among 1,017 women in Turkey and Poland. Personal Information Form (PIF) and Gynaecological Cancer Awareness Scale (GCAS) were used as data collection tools. Routine Control in Gynaecological Cancers and Serious Illness Perception Awareness Sub-Dimension mean score in Turkey and Poland was 87.84±15.23 vs. 85.47± 10.86. Gynaecological Cancer Risks Awareness Sub-Dimension mean score in Turkey was 29.62±6.09, in Poland's - 28.47±4.78; a significant difference was found between the score averages. When the Gynaecological Cancer Protection Awareness Sub-Dimension was evaluated, the score obtained for Turkey was 22.46±4.45, while the average score for Poland was calculated as 22.44±3.42; statistical significance was determined for these averages. Based on the Early Diagnosis and Information Awareness Sub-Dimension in Gynaecological Cancers, the mean score in Türkey was found to be 17.04±3.24, and in Poland - 16.90±2.39; the difference between the mean scores was statistically significant. The total score obtained in the Gynaecological Cancer Awareness Scale was calculated as 156.97±23.23 in Turkey and 153.30±16.83 in Poland. There was a significant difference in the average scores obtained between the two countries. There was a significant difference in the level between women's gynaecological cancer awareness in Turkey and in Poland. It was determined that gynaecological cancer awareness is higher among women in Turkey.