Zhe Wang

Prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors of cervical HPV infection in Yangqu, China: a population-based survey of 10086 women

Human papillomavirus(HPV) infection is a necessary factor for the development of cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine is currently available, but there is still a lack of large-scale research on the distribution and risk factors of HPV. The aim of this study is to investigate the genotype distribution and risk factors of HPV infection in Yangqu which is located in North China. This study enrolled 10086 women aged <65 years from Yangqu County. HPV genotypes were identified via standard HPV DNA testing. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 8.92%. The prevalence of high-risk HPV types was 8.80%, and it was 0.38% for low-risk HPV types. Single genotype infection accounted for 67.91% in HPV-positive cases. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV-16, -52, and -58. HPV-18 was only the 11th most common type in HPV-positive cases. Women ≥50 years of age had the highest prevalence rate of HPV, and women <30 years had the lowest prevalence rate. The distribution of HPV genotypes also varied among the three age groups: <30, 30-49, and ≥50 years. The risk factors that contributed to the rate of HPV infection included low educational level, low income, smoking, age at first sexual encounter <23 years old, and number of births ≥3 times. This large routine clinical practice report of HPV prevalence and genotype distribution revealed the characteristics of HPV infection-type distributions in Shanxi Province, which should be considered in formulating comprehensive prevention strategies including vaccination for cervical cancer in China.

Risk of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia following poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor treatment for advanced-stage recurrent ovarian cancer: A retrospective cohort study in England

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) maintenance therapies are used to treat advanced ovarian cancer in first line and recurrent settings. Because of concerns about associations between PARPi therapy and secondary cancers myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a meta-analysis of clinical trials was conducted, reporting MDS/AML incidence of 0.73 %; however, clinical trial populations are highly selective and may not reflect incidence in the wider population. This retrospective cohort study calculated incidence of MDS/AML within five years of completing first-line chemotherapy + /- PARPi maintenance for recurrent, advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Absolute and relative risks were calculated and compared to meta-analysis. Of 11,531 included patients, 1529 received PARPi and 10,002 chemotherapy only. Absolute risk of MDS/AML was 0.3 % (n = 5/1529) for chemotherapy + PARPi maintenance therapy versus 0.1 % (n = 10/10,002) for chemotherapy alone. Relative risk was 2.97 (95 % CI 1.02, 8.68, p = 0.046) in patients receiving PARPi maintenance versus chemotherapy alone. Relative risk of MDS/AML was greater in patients treated with PARPi; however, absolute risk was low in both treatment groups and lower than in the meta-analysis of trials. This analysis suggests small increased relative risk of MDS/AML associated with PARPi maintenance versus chemotherapy only, but not increased absolute risk.