Yesim Yekta Yuruk

I saw the “sea anemone” sign: Puffy face of borderline ovarian tumors

The sea anemone sign is a radiologic sign seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that indicates the morphological development of serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOTs), as papillary projections originating from the wall of the cystic lesion. The presence of T2 hypointense fibrous stroma in the center of the papilla is a helpful tip in the diagnosis of SBOTs. Those projections might also be assumed to have a frond-like appearance which can be seen as branching papillary projections, especially on T2-weighted imaging. The term "sea anemone" sign is described by Tanaka et al. who deemed it as a "hallmark" feature of surface SBOTs.

Assessment of magnetic resonance imaging findings in ovarian granulosa cell tumors along with clinical prognostic factors

AbstractAimTo determine the role of preoperative MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the ovary.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐four patients who were operated on between 2018 and 2022 and who were pathologically diagnosed with GHT and met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively examined. The findings were compared with the patients' demographic data, symptoms, surgical findings (laterality, stage, lymph node involvement, endometrial pathology, tumor size), and CA‐125 levels.ResultsThe final cohort included 24 patients with a mean age of 54.71 ± 16.52. All the patients had the pathological diagnosis of adult type GCT. In the morphological evaluation, the most common finding was a solid‐cystic mixed type (14 patients, 58.3%), while intratumoral hemorrhage signal was observed in 10 patients (41.7%). In the majority of cases (91.7%), the mass showed regular contours. The honeycomb/Swiss cheese sign was detected in 54.2% of the cases. When the T1 and T2 signal of the solid component of the mass were examined relative to the myometrium, the majority of GCTs appeared isointense on both sequences (83.3% and 62.5%, respectively). The mean ADC value of the solid component obtained from diffusion‐weighted imaging was 0.78 ± 0.15 × 10−3. Pelvic fluid was observed in 41.7% of the cases. The average endometrial thickness was 9.74 ± 6.43 mm. Thickened endometrium more than 9 mm was observed in 9 out of the remaining 21 patients (42.9%).ConclusionUnderstanding the key imaging features for GCTs plays an essential role in the diagnosis and guiding the treatment effectively.

The relationship between imaging‐based body composition parameters and disease prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer

Abstract Background Obesity is known as a risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC). Only a few studies investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and EC. In this study, our aim was to investigate the relationship between the cross‐sectional imaging‐based body composition parameters and the disease prognosis in low‐grade (LG) and high‐grade (HG) EC. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective study in women diagnosed with low and high‐grade EC between January 2014 and May 2022 who had abdominal MRI and thorax CT as a part of routine staging workup. We used the skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the level of the third lumbar vertebra to assess sarcopenia on CT. The T2‐weighted sequence at the level of the L2–L3 intervertebral disc is used for visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and total fat area (TFA). Two radiologists in consensus, calculated the parameters. Results A total of 250 EC patients (144 low‐grade EC, 106 high‐grade EC).Sarcopenia was observed in 122 (48.8%) patients, and sarcopenic obesity was found in 82 (32.8%) patients. Although there was an increase in VFA in cases with high‐grade EC, there was no significant difference in terms of SFA. Additionally, the frequency of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity was higher in cases with high‐grade EC. There was no association between sarcopenia and age, histological type, FIGO staging, or comorbidity in the univariate analysis. However, BMI was found to be associated with sarcopenia. Conclusions Quantitative radiological measurement of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and body fat composition can be used as novel parameters in the prediction of disease prognosis in endometrial cancer.