Wei Xie

Does HPV vaccination during periconceptional or gestational period increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes?—An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis based on timing of vaccination

AbstractIntroductionThe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is crucial in preventing cervical cancer, and a significant number of women in 135 countries worldwide may have unknowingly received the vaccine during peri‐pregnancy or pregnancy due to a lack of regular pregnancy testing. Previous studies on the safety of pregnancy outcomes with vaccination before and after pregnancy have not reached definitive conclusions. Thus, we subdivided the vaccination time frame and conducted an updated study to further examine whether exposure to the HPV vaccine during pregnancy or the periconceptional period increases the likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Material and MethodsThe clinical trials and cohort studies published before August 1, 2023, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool were adopted to evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. In addition, the quality assessment was carried out using the Review Manager 5.4 Software, and a meta‐analysis was conducted using the Stata 16 Software.ResultsEleven studies were located. The results showed that receiving 4vHPV during the periconceptional or gestational period had no relationship with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth, birth defects, small for gestational age, and ectopic pregnancy. Neither receiving 2vHPV nor 9vHPV was associated with a higher risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, birth defects, small for gestational age, and ectopic pregnancy; however, receiving 2vHPV during the period from 45 days before last menstrual period (LMP) to LMP and 9vHPV during the period from 90 days before LMP to 45 days after LMP seemed to be related to an increased risk of spontaneous abortion (RR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.04–2.45, RR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.28–3.24).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the likelihood of an elevated risk of spontaneous abortion caused by HPV vaccination during the periconceptional or gestational period could not be completely ruled out. Given the lack of evidence, further research is needed to examine the effect of HPV vaccination on spontaneous abortion.

KIF23 promotes cervical cancer progression via inhibiting NLRP3‐mediated pyroptosis

Abstract Background Cervical cancer (CC), closely linked to persistent human papillomavirus infection, represents a major health problem for women worldwide. The objective of this study is to elucidate KIF23's role in the development of CC and its regulatory mechanism. Methods The bioinformatics methods were utilized to extract pyroptosis‐associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pivot genes from the GSE9750 and GSE63678 datasets, followed by immune infiltration analysis and quantification of these genes' expression. The effects of kinesin family member 23 (KIF23) were verified through functional experiments in vitro and a mouse xenograft model. The NLPR3 activator, nigericin, was applied for further analyzing the potential regulatory mechanism of KIF23 in CC. Results A total of 8 pyroptosis‐related DEGs were screened out, among which 4 candidate core genes were identified as candidate hub genes and confirmed upregulation in CC tissues and cells. These genes respectively showed a positive correlation with the infiltration of distinct immune cells or tumor purity. Downregulation of KIF23 could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities in CC cells and tumorigenesis through enhancing pyroptosis. Conversely, KIF23 overexpression accelerated the malignant phenotypes of CC cells and inhibited pyroptosis activation, which was blocked by nigericin treatment. Conclusions KIF23 may play an oncogenic role in CC progression via inhibition of the NLRP3‐mediated pyroptosis pathway.