Ryan Suk

Trends in the Incidence of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers by County-Level Income and Smoking Prevalence in the United States, 2000-2018

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer burden is rising in the United States. Trends in the incidence by county-level income and smoking prevalence remain undescribed. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 21 database to ascertain HPV-associated cancers during 2000-2018. Trends were estimated by county-level income and smoking prevalence quartiles. Anal and vulvar cancer incidence among women and anal cancer incidence among men increased markedly in the lowest-income counties, whereas the increases were slower in the highest-income counties (eg, for vulvar cancer, incidence increased 1.9% per year, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9% to 2.9%, in the lowest-income counties vs 0.8% per year, 95% CI = 0.6% to 1.1%, in the highest-income counties). In recent years, cervical cancer incidence plateaued (0.0% per year [95% CI = −0.5% to 0.5%]) in the highest-income counties; in the lowest-income counties, the annual percentage change was 1.6% per year (95% CI = −0.7% to 4.0%). Counties with high smoking prevalence had marked increases in incidence compared with their counterparts (eg, anal cancer among men increased 4.4% per year [95% CI = 2.7% to 6.0%] for those living in counties with the highest smoking prevalence vs 1.2% per year [95% CI = 0.7% to 1.7%] for those living in counties with the lowest smoking prevalence). Improved and targeted prevention is needed to combat the widening disparities.

Incidence Trends and Burden of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers Among Women in the United States, 2001-2017

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated anal and oropharyngeal cancer incidence has increased in recent years among US women. However, trends in incidence and burden (annual number of cases) of noncervical HPV-associated cancers relative to cervical cancer remain unclear. Using the 2001-2017 US cancer statistics dataset, we evaluated contemporary incidence trends and burden (annual number of cases) of HPV-associated cancers among women by anatomic site, race or ethnicity, and age. Overall, cervical cancer incidence plateaued among White women but continued to decline among Black and Hispanic women. Anal cancer incidence surpassed cervical cancer incidence among White women aged 65-74 years of age (8.6 and 8.2 per 100 000 in 2015) and 75 years or older (6.2 and 6.0 per 100 000 in 2014). The noncervical cancer burden (n  =  11 871) surpassed the cervical cancer burden (n  =  11 527) in 2013. Development of efficacious screening strategies for noncervical cancers and continued improvement in cervical cancer prevention are needed to combat HPV-associated cancers among women.