Qing Xue

Adult-type granulosa cell tumor with pleural effusion: A rare case report

Rationale: Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs), representing the most prevalent subtype of sex cord-stromal tumors in the ovary, predominantly manifest in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. A notably uncommon clinical manifestation of AGCTs is the concomitant development of pleural effusion, a condition that may be erroneously attributed to more prevalent etiologies such as cardiac insufficiency, pulmonary infections, or other malignant processes. Consequently, the occurrence of pleural effusion in association with AGCTs is atypical and warrants heightened clinical vigilance for such rare presentations. This article presents a detailed case report, aiming to enhance the timely identification and management of this condition, thereby optimizing patient prognosis. Patient concerns: A 60-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a 1-month history of persistent chest tightness and dyspnea. Initial chest radiography demonstrated a right-sided pleural effusion. Thoracentesis was performed, providing transient symptomatic relief; however, the effusion persisted without complete resolution. Further diagnostic evaluation with computed tomography imaging revealed the presence of a pelvic mass, which necessitated surgical intervention for definitive management. Diagnoses: Histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of an adult granulosa cell tumor originating from the left ovary. Interventions: Postoperative evaluation demonstrated a marked reduction in pleural effusion, with complete resolution achieved during the recovery period. Outcomes: Throughout the follow-up surveillance, no evidence of tumor recurrence has been detected. Lessons: This case highlights the pivotal role of multidisciplinary collaboration in addressing complex clinical scenarios. Furthermore, it emphasizes the imperative for early detection and prompt intervention in cases of pelvic masses among postmenopausal women, underscoring the potential for improved clinical outcomes through timely and coordinated management.

Causes of death in endometrial cancer survivors: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result–based analysis

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing attention has been paid to the survival of endometrial cancer (EC) patients, but the non‐cancer causes of death from EC are rarely reported. This study primarily aimed to investigate the non‐cancer causes of death in patients with EC.MethodsThe study collected relevant data, including age, tumour stage and treatment mode, on patients diagnosed with endometrial malignancies from 2000 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Programme. We analysed the standardised mortality ratio (SMR) to determine the cause of death.ResultsThe study included 135,831 patients with EC. During the follow‐up, 46,604 (34.3%) patients died, of whom 42.9%, 15.6% and 41.5% died of EC, other cancers and non‐cancer causes, respectively. As the diagnosis time increased, the number of EC‐associated mortalities gradually decreased. The most common non‐cancer causes of death were heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes. Regarding the general population of the United States, patients with EC died of heart disease (SMR: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.09), diabetes (SMR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.47–1.65) and septicaemia (SMR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.28–1.52), which were statistically significant.ConclusionsFor patients with EC, the number of deaths from non‐cancer causes (mainly heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus) is equivalent to that of EC. In addition, compared with the general population, EC survivors have a higher risk of death from sepsis and diabetes. These discoveries support how survivors can avoid future‐related health risks. By doing this, clinicians can improve the quality of life and chances of the survival of patients with EC.