Karolina Kowalczyk

Ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking polycystic ovarian morphology in prepubertal girl: a case report and literature review

Precocious puberty (PP) in girls is defined as the appearance of clinical signs of puberty before the age of eight. While central precocious puberty (CPP) is commonly idiopathic, peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) can be linked to estrogen-producing ovarian cysts or tumors. This study presents a rare case of ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in a prepubertal girl, contributing to persistent hormonal disturbances and symptoms of PP. The objective is to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management strategies for such cases. A retrospective case review was performed, detailing the clinical course, diagnostic imaging, laboratory findings, treatment decisions, and histopathological results. A literature review was conducted using the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases to compare this case with previously reported instances of ovarian cystadenoma associated with precocious puberty. A 15-year-old girl presented with persistent ovarian cysts and PP symptoms first noted at the age of 5. Initial imaging revealed enlarged ovaries with a polycystic appearance. Despite treatment with a GnRH analog, hormonal abnormalities persisted, with increasing estrogen and androgen levels. MRI demonstrated progressive ovarian enlargement with cystic transformation. Surgical intervention was performed at age 15, and histopathological examination confirmed serous cystadenoma. Following surgery, hormonal levels normalized, and clinical symptoms resolved. This case illustrates an unusual presentation of ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking PCOM and contributing to persistent precocious puberty. Given the diagnostic challenge, a multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists and gynecologists is essential. Early recognition, close monitoring, and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial to managing such rare cases effectively.

A case of late diagnosis and management of 46 XY complete gonadal dysgenesis in adulthood

Squamous cell carcinoma evolving from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary