Jiwei Li

Ovarian Cancer and High Body‐Mass Index: A Global Burden of Disease Database Study From 1990 to 2021

ABSTRACT Background Excess adiposity has been recognized as a significant modifiable risk factor for ovarian cancer (OC), but the epidemiology of OC attributable to high BMI remain largely unknown. Methods Utilizing comprehensive data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, this investigation quantifies the epidemiological impact of elevated body mass index (BMI) on OC. Results Our study demonstrated a striking 17,344 mortality cases attributable to BMI in 2021, with a 153.2% increase compared to 1990. The age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rate associated with excessive BMI rose from 0.18 per 100,000 (95% UI: −0.04–0.33) and 4.57 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.94–8.6) in 1990 to 0.2 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.05–0.36) and 5.46 per 100,000 (95% UI: 1.3–9.62) in 2021, respectively, with DALYs showing a 152.6% increase during this period. Notably, geriatric populations and low‐income nations exhibited disproportionately elevated mortality and DALY counts in 2021. The Bayesian age‐period‐cohort (BAPC) predictive modeling framework was used to quantify the average yearly rate of the obesity‐related OC and demonstrated a continued rise in both incidence and mortality rates over the next 25‐year period. Conclusion These findings highlight metabolic dysfunction as a critical public health challenge in OC pathogenesis, emphasizing the urgent need to address modifiable metabolic determinants and associated conditions.

Survival outcomes and safety of nimotuzumab combined with radiotherapy ± chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer

Chemoradiotherapy is currently the main treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer. Nevertheless, the survival profile of locally advanced cervical cancer patients remains unsatisfactory because of metastasis and recurrence. We aimed to assess the survival outcomes and safety of radiotherapy ± chemotherapy combined with nimotuzumab (a human monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor that has anti-tumor activities) for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Patients with stage IIB to IVA (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2018) pathological and diagnosed locally advanced cervical cancer from January 2021 to December 2022 were collected in this retrospective, multi-center, and single-arm study. All patients received platinum-based radiotherapy ± chemotherapy with nimotuzumab (200 mg once a week for 6 weeks). Primary end point was overall survival. Secondary end points were progression-free survival and safety. The adverse events were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistics Analysis System software (v 9.4). A total of 60 patients were collected with a median follow-up of 17.4 months (95% CI 14.8 to 19.2). The median age was 58 years (range; 35-90). A total of 16 patients (26.7%) had stage II, 38 patients (63.3%) had stage Ⅲ, and 6 patients (10%) had stage Ⅳ. The median overall survival was not reached, and the median progression-free survival was 20.4 months (95% CI 16.3 to not evaluable). Radiotherapy ± chemotherapy with nimotuzumab achieved 90.7% 1- and 2-year overall survival. Moreover, 1-year progression-free survival was 82.1%, and the 2-year progression-free survival was 47.7%. The most common treatment-related grade 3 to 4 adverse events included neutropenia (15%), anemia (21.7%), and thrombocytopenia (5%). No drug-related severe adverse events or deaths occurred. The addition of nimotuzumab to radiotherapy ± chemotherapy was associated with favorable oncologic outcomes for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, and the toxicity was tolerable and manageable.