Idhaliz Flores

Profiling Sociodemographic Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Women with Endometrial Cancer in Puerto Rico: The Central Role of Obesity and Obstetric Features

Abstract Introduction Incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) in Hispanic/Latina (H/L) women are higher compared to other race/ethnicities in the United States. EC is the third most common cancer and the fourth cause of cancer-related deaths in Puerto Rican women, yet demographic and clinical information is limited. High rates of EC risk factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and hypertension (HTN) have been documented in the Puerto Rican population. Objective To describe the demographic, clinical history, lifestyle, obstetrical-gynecological, pathologic, and molecular profiles of women with EC predominantly from Southern/Central Puerto Rico. Methods We conducted a retrospective secondary analysis of data abstracted from the Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry (PRCCR), self-administered questionnaires and medical records of EC cases. Descriptive statistics were conducted using SPSS V28 and RStudio. Results We identified 105 EC cases aged 28–82. The major risk factors were BMI ≥ 30 (72%), HTN (33%), and DM2 (20%). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was the main histological tumor type (80%), of which 74% were Type I. Obesity and nulliparity were associated with younger age at diagnosis. Older age at diagnosis (> 65 y/o) was associated with more advanced disease. Conclusions This study defined the clinical-demographic profile of women with EC from Puerto Rico and identified risks factors that are associated with younger or older age at diagnosis. Impact Profiling the risk factors for EC may help improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical management and result in better outcomes for this under-served, under-researched cancer patient population.