MicroRNA, a Promising Biomarker for Breast and Ovarian Cancer: A Review
Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNA) belong to the substantial class of posttranscriptional
gene regulators with decisive functions in typical cellular and disease progressions.
They are short RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins but bind to the complementary
sites of various mRNAs, thus blocking them and leading to translational inhibition.
Objective:
These miRNA molecules act as signatory molecules or biomarkers for various types of
malignancies. Different miRNAs are involved in different cancer-linked pathways depending on the
nature, stage, and kind of cancer. The objective of this article is to discuss and review the role and
significance of various miRNAs in two of the most prominent cancers; breast and ovarian cancer.
Methods:
The role of miRNAs in the instigation, propagation, and metastasis of melanoma has been
elucidated.
Results:
This article focuses on the up- and down-regulation of various miRNAs in breast and ovarian
cancer, with stress on diversity in their occurrence and specificity in their threshold levels in
certain types and stages of cancer, suggesting their potential role as an effective diagnostic and
treatment tool for cancer.
Conclusion:
Considering all the aforementioned information, it can be concluded that miRNAs can
act as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast and ovarian cancers.
