Investigator
University Of Maiduguri
Methanol Extract of Young Lantana camara L. Leaves Exhibit Anti‐Ovarian Cancer and Anti‐Inflammatory Effects via Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK Pathways
ABSTRACT Lantana camara (LC) L. is a widely distributed plant long used in African and Asian medicine for pain, inflammation, skin disorders, and cancer‐related symptoms. Young leaves are often brewed into teas to manage digestive and reproductive conditions, including ovarian inflammation. This study examined the methanol extract of young LC leaves for anti‐ovarian cancer and anti‐inflammatory potential through modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathways. Phytochemical and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses identified over 30 bioactive compounds, notably oleic acid, pyrazine, and palmitic acid. Anticancer activity was tested on SKOV3 and OVCAR‐3 ovarian cancer cells, with MTT assays showing strong cytotoxicity (IC 50 : 12.6 ± 1.8 and 18.9 ± 2.1 µg/mL), while sparing normal IOSE‐80 cells (IC 50 > 140 µg/mL). Annexin V‐FITC/PI staining indicated enhanced apoptosis, with early and late apoptotic populations reaching 31.4% ± 2.5% and 24.7% ± 3.1%. Western blot confirmed suppression of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, mTOR, MEK, and ERK. In LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, the extract reduced nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) (−43.2%), interleukin (IL)‐6 (−39.8%), PGE2 (−47.6%), and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) ( p < 0.05). ELISA and immunofluorescence further validated cytokine inhibition. These results indicate that LC leaves possess strong anticancer and anti‐inflammatory properties, supporting their traditional use and therapeutic potential against ovarian cancer and inflammation.
