Birhanu Hailu Tirkaso

Histopathologic patterns and factors associated with cervical lesions at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia: A two-year cross-sectional study

Background The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus, which connects this organ to the vagina through the endocervical canal. Objective This study aimed to determine the histopathologic patterns and factors associated with cervical lesions at Jimma Medical Center from September 12, 2017, to September 12, 2019. Methods A 2-year facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2020. Result In this study, cervical cancer was the most common (71%) cause of cervical lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent cervical cancer diagnosed during the study, accounting for 96.4% of 331 cancerous cases, followed by adenocarcinoma (3.3%). High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most frequently diagnosed precancerous lesions, accounting for 68.4% of cases. Endocervical polyps were the most commonly diagnosed benign lesions, accounting for 59.3% of cases. Conclusion The maximum age distribution of cervical lesions was in the 41–50-year age range. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type of cervical cancer. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most frequently diagnosed precancerous cervical lesions. The most common benign cervical lesions were endocervical polyps. Recommendation We recommend educating the community to improve health-seeking behavior and on possible preventive strategies for cervical cancer.