Primary Chemoradiation VS. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed By Surgery As Treatment Strategy For LAVC

NCT05905315RecruitingPHASE2INTERVENTIONAL

Summary

Key Facts

Lead Sponsor

The Netherlands Cancer Institute

Enrollment

98

Start Date

2024-01-01

Completion Date

2029-09-01

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Official Title

Primary Chemoradiation VS. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed By Surgery As Treatment Strategy For Locally Advanced Vulvar Carcinoma

Interventions

Paclitaxel and CarboplatinChemoradiation

Conditions

Locally Advanced Vulvar CarcinomaSquamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva

Eligibility

Age Range

18 Years+

Sex

FEMALE

Inclusion Criteria:

* Woman ≥ 18 years
* Signed and written informed consent.
* Histologically-confirmed primary or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma vulvar cancer FIGO stage Ib - IVa, T1b or higher, any N, M0.
* Local tumour through which the size or localization implies requirement of treatment through primary chemoradiation or surgery consisting of extensive surgery (meaning surgery damaging pelvic organs or exenterative surgery). This can imply;

  * T1b or larger tumour with (irresectable) groin metastases
  * T1b or larger tumour with a close relationship to and/or involvement of the urethra or anal sphincter
* World Health Organization performance status of 0-2
* Adequate haematological function defined by platelet count \>100x10E9/L, absolute leukocyte \>3X10E9/L or neutrophil count (ANC) \>1.5x10E9/L, and hemoglobin \>6.0 mmol/L
* Adequate hepatic function defined by a total bilirubin level ≤1.5x the upper limit of normal (ULN) range and ASAT and ALAT levels ≤2.5x ULN for all subjects
* Adequate renal function defined by an estimated creatinine clearance ≥50mL/min according to the Cockroft-Gault formula (or local institutional standard method)
* Beta HCG level of 14 mIU/mL or below for women of childbearing potential
* Highly effective contraception for patients if the risk of conception exists

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with highly suspicious or positive metastases to the pelvic lymph nodes

  \* Patients eligible for radical local excision without involvement of other organs
* Any psychiatric condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent
* Prior radiotherapy to the pelvis or groin area limiting full dose chemoradiation according to protocol
* Existing neuropathy which will hinder the intake of chemotherapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes

Loco-regional control after 24 months per completed treatment including salvage treatment

Proportion of patients free from local-regional progression

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Secondary Outcomes

Disease-related treatment failure

Patients without an event will be censored at their last date of contact. The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to estimate freedom from disease-related failure. Difference between the two main treatment arms, NACT vs. chemotherapy, will be tested using a log-rank test. Incidences of disease-related failure will be reported based on the Kaplan-Meier estimates, together with confidence intervals for the hazard ratio using both 90 and 95% confidence levels.

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Disease free survival

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Patterns of recurrence of disease

Type of recurrence after treatment: local, regional or distant recurrence

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Overall survival

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Treatment related death

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Prevention of trimodal treatment

Proportion of patients that don't need adjuvant surgery (arm 1) and number of patients that don't need adjuvant radiotherapy (arm 2)

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Functional organ preservation

Proportion of patients for who an organ-sparing surgery is possible

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Short term and long term complications

According to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0

Time frame: 24 months after completed treatment

Locations

NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, Netherlands

LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands

Linked Papers

2024-10-07

Primary chemoradiation versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery as treatment strategy for locally advanced vulvar carcinoma (VULCANize2)

Current treatment options for patients with locally advanced vulvar cancer are limited and associated with high morbidity. Therefore, it is important to develop new and safe treatment strategies for this vulnerable patient group. To compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery with definitive chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced vulvar cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery is oncologically safe, potentially more effective than primary chemoradiation in establishing long lasting locoregional control, and associated with an improved quality of life. This study is a multicenter, prospective, phase II randomized controlled trial. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to the standard treatment arm (primary chemoradiation, consisting of a tumor dose of 64.5 Gy in 30 fractions of external beam radiotherapy with weekly cisplatin for 6 weeks) or the experimental treatment arm (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, consisting of carboplatin and paclitaxel in a 3 weekly scheme, followed by surgery). Eligible patients must have a histologically confirmed primary or recurrent locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ib-Iva; Lesions larger than 2 cm in size or stromal invasion larger than 1 mm (T1b or higher), any status of lymph node involvement (any N), no distant metastasis including pelvic lymph nodes (M0)) with the size or localization of the tumor requiring treatment through primary chemoradiation or extensive surgery. Patients with documented metastases of the pelvic lymph nodes will be excluded from participation in this study. Locoregional control at 24 months. 98 patients will be included in the study. Expected complete accrual in 2028 with presentation of results by 2030. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05905315.